Validation of Math Model Using Porous Media for Determining Alveolar CO2 in Ventilated Patients

OBJECTIVES:To validate a mathematical model using porous media theory for alveolar CO(2 )determination in ventilated patients. DESIGN:Mathematical modeling study with prospective clinical validation to simulate CO2 exchange from bloodstream to airway entrance. SETTING:ICU. PATIENTS:Thirteen critically ill patients without chronic or acute lung disease. INTERVENTIONS:None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Model outcomes compared with patient data showed correlations for end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), area under the CO2 curve, and PaCO2 of 0.918, 0.954, and 0.995. Determination coefficients (R-2) were 0.843, 0.910, and 0.990, indicating precision and predictive power. CONCLUSIONS:The mathematical model shows potential in pulmonary critical care. Although promising, practical application demands further validation, clinician training, and patient-specific adjustments. The path to clinical use will be iterative, involving validation and education.