Early Predictive Value of Laboratory Inflammatory Markers in Evaluating Both Lung Involvement and Progression in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 A Retrospective Study

Background The new coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2, first discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, rapidly spread over the globe. It has created many challenges for the world's health and treatment systems. Due to the outspread of this virus and the limited treatment facilities, one of the important issues is the early diagnosis of patients who may continue to suffer from a severe type of disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between hospitalized COVID-19 patients' computed tomography (CT) scan results and laboratory results such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Methods We created this retrospective study to investigate the relationship between the CT scan results of COVID-19 patients and laboratory results such as NLR and PLR ratios. We randomly sampled individuals whose hospitalization records from Shahada Kargar Hospital in Yazd in 2021 showed a positive COVID-19 test diagnosis. Results During this investigation, 17% of patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, and around 7% of patients passed away. These prognostic values have had a significant relationship with the mean NLR and (P = 0.004). In addition, this NLR laboratory index indicated a considerable positive correlation coefficient with the CT scan score (P = 0.014). Conclusions Our results reflect the significant predictive ability of NLR and PLR ratios regarding the prognosis of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Imaging findings use the CT scan score as an indicator to predict the amount of NLR. In this way, the results of preliminary laboratory tests and imaging can determine the affected patient's progress to a large extent.