Finite Element Simulations and Statistical Analysis for the Tribological Design of Mutually Textured Surfaces and Related Experimental Validation

In the last few decades, micro-texturing has become a widely studied technique to modify the frictional behavior between surfaces in both dry and lubricated regimes. Among all the available techniques, the laser surface texturing appears to be fast, clean, and flexible, and thus a good candidate in realizing surface micro-patterns, also for the improvement of the tribological performance of automotive components when subjected to dry friction. For this reason, in the present work, the tribological response of four different patterns of micro-holes on two contrasting materials, specifically silicon carbide and carbon black have been investigated with a coupled experimental-numerical approach. The static and the dynamic friction coefficients have been extracted from the 25 different combinations of these surface textures including the flat counterparts. Then, the influence of the holes diameter, their density, and the material has been studied thanks to a multivariate linear regression. Specifically, it emerged that, in a dry regime, the most emerging parameter is the micro-holes diameter, for both static and dynamic frictions. Moreover, for both static and dynamic frictions, the material which more influences the effects of patterns to the overall frictional behavior is here the stiffest one. These insights for the design of micro-patterned surfaces with controlled frictional properties could be useful for those applications in which a dry friction regime is present.