Long-term Impacts of Long COVID: Increased Incidence of Cardiomyopathies, Joint Diseases, and Psychoanxiety Disorders

Background/Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified inquiries into the interplay between diabetes and disease severity, and the long-term impact of long-COVID. This study specifically explored the implications of different antithrombotic treatments on COVID-19 patients. It aimed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in mitigating thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: We conducted a study on 157 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from August 2021 to August 2023. The study evaluated shifts in anticoagulant therapy recommendations, tracking the transition from VKA to DOACs, and analyzed associated health outcomes. Results: A significant shift from VKA to DOACs prescriptions was observed, especially in high-risk patients. Despite the change in antithrombotic treatments, incidences of varices and varices with hemorrhoids increased by 2.6% and 3.2%, respectively. Long-COVID was also linked to higher occurrences of diabetes and gastrointestinal diseases. Joint diseases rose by 14%, indicating persistent inflammation. Cardiomyopathies increased by 3.9%, predominantly in high-risk groups, and psychoanxiety disorders surged by 39.5%, highlighting the need for further research. DOAC usage was more common in older age groups, with a 10.2% increase in recommendations among high-risk patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study underscores the evolving landscape of antithrombotic therapy in managing COVID-19 complications. Despite the increased use of DOACs, the rise in various health conditions suggests the necessity for personalized treatment strategies tailored to patient risk profiles.