Current status of anxiety following total hysterectomy in endometrial cancer patients: A cross-sectional study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety in endometrial cancer patients undergoing total hysterectomy and to analyze socio-demographic and clinical factors contributing to anxiety, with the goal of informing targeted psychological support and interventions in clinical settings. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, including 74 patients who underwent total hysterectomy between January 2019 and January 2024 at our hospital. Data were collected through a combination of face-to-face interviews and self-administered questionnaires, conducted by specially trained research assistants or nurses to ensure standardized data collection. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety, categorizing patients into no anxiety, mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, and severe anxiety based on standard scores. Results indicated that 33.78% of the 74 patients experienced varying levels of anxiety: 18.92% had mild anxiety, 12.16% had moderate anxiety, and 2.70% had severe anxiety. Univariate analysis showed significant associations between anxiety and factors such as education level, living arrangement, social support, tumor size, and International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis further confirmed that low education level (OR = 1.866, P = .014), unstable living conditions (OR = 2.285, P = .016), inadequate social support (OR = 2.806, P = .044), larger tumor size (OR = 3.328, P = .021), and advanced FIGO stage (OR = 3.762, P = .01) were independent predictors of postoperative anxiety. This study revealed a high prevalence of anxiety among postoperative endometrial cancer patients and identified key influencing factors, including low educational attainment, unstable living arrangements, insufficient social support, larger tumors, and advanced disease stage. These findings underscore the importance of healthcare professionals focusing on high-risk groups to effectively reduce anxiety, improve mental health, and enhance quality of life. Strategies such as enhanced health education, establishment of support groups, provision of psychological counseling, and comprehensive mental health assessments are recommended to address the psychological needs of these patients.