Study on physical, electrical, magnetic and energy harvesting performances of eco-friendly piezoelectric ceramics (1 - x)[0.995BNKT-0.005LN]-xFe2O3 complex system

In this work, the complex lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with formula (1 - x)[0.995 Bi-0.5(Na0.80K0.20)(0.5)TiO3-0.005LiNbO(3)]-xFe(2)O(3), where x = 0, 0.010, 0.015 and 0.020 mol fraction, have been prepared via a conventional solid-state method. The effects of Fe2O3 doping on the physical, microstructural electrical, energy harvesting and magnetic properties have been systematically investigated. All ceramics were sintered at 1150 degrees C for 2 hours with obtained relative density of similar to 96-97%. The XRD and Raman data revealed the coexisting rhombohedral and tetragonal phases for all samples. SEM image presented angular grain packing with the average grain size range of 0.43-1.03 mu m. The addition of Fe2O3 content improved in electrical properties of undoped sample particularly at a composition of x = 0.015. The maximum values of epsilon(m) = 6250, S-max = 0.29, d*(33) = 578 pm/V, d(33) = 211 pC/N and FOM = 3.54. All ceramics indicated ferromagnetic behavior with slim hysteresis shape. The results suggest a potential for its applications as an eco-friendly compound for further use in sensor, spintronic and microelectronic devices applications.