Structural stability of three dimensional transonic shock flows with an external force

We establish the existence and uniqueness of the transonic shock solution for steady isentropic Euler system with an external force in a rectangular cylinder under the three-dimensional perturbations for the incoming supersonic flow, the exit pressure and the external force. The external force has a stabilization effect on the transonic shocks in flat nozzles and the transonic shock is completely free, we do not require it passing through a fixed point. By utilizing the deformation-curl decomposition to decouple the hyperbolic and elliptic modes in the steady Euler system effectively and reformulating the Rankine-Hugoniot conditions, the transonic shock problem is reduced to a deformation-curl first order system for the velocity field with nonlocal terms supplementing with an unusual second order differential boundary condition on the shock front, an algebraic equation for determining the shock front and two transport equations for the Bernoulli's quantity and the first component of the vorticity. (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.