Excitation functions of proton-induced nuclear reactions on titanium

Excitation functions of the Ti-nat(p,x)Sc-43,Sc-44m,Sc-44g,Sc-46,Sc-47,Sc-48 and Ti-nat(p,x)V-48 reactions were measured using stacked target activation from reaction thresholds up to 44.28 MeV. A wide energy range was achieved by irradiating several stacks with proton beams of energies 16.7 MeV, 27 MeV, and 44.5 MeV. Cross-section data were obtained from 15 to 25 MeV at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and from 14 to 44.28 MeV and 8-17 MeV at the Forschungszentrum J & uuml;lich (FZJ). Each set of measured data agrees well with each other in the overlapping energy regions. The cross sections were also calculated theoretically using the TALYS code, and the model calculations reproduced the experimental values well. Generally, the results obtained for proton-induced reactions using the global set of parameters, as expressed in the TENDL-2021 data library, are not satisfactory. Our measurements are valuable for resolving discrepancies in the existing data and providing insights into reaction mechanisms.