A Critical Review on Smart Control Techniques for Load Frequency Control in an Interconnected Power System

Load Frequency Control (LFC) is a critical aspect of power system control that ensures the balance between the generation and load demand. The demand for efficient LFC has increased because to the growing integration of dispersed power and renewable energy sources. Smart control techniques have emerged as a promising solution to enhance the performance of LFC in an interconnected power system. Despite the fact that various studies and approaches on load frequency control have been presented previously, no research concentrated on reviewing the approaches and limitations in the control techniques for load frequency control. Hence, this review paper presents a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in smart control techniques for LFC, focusing on Energy Storage Systems (ESS), conventional (DL) techniques, and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). The advantages and limitations of each technique are discussed, and a comparison of their performance is presented. The review also highlights the future research directions and challenges in implementing smart control techniques for LFC in an interconnected power system and provides some suggestions for further improvements to be done in the future for better load frequency control in an interconnected power system.