Solar photovoltaic/thermal systems applications for electrical vehicle

As an emerging technology, photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems have been gaining attention from manufacturers and experts because they increase the efficiency of photovoltaic units while producing thermal energy for a variety of uses. Likewise, electric cars are gaining ground as opposed to cars powered by fossil fuels. Electrical vehicles (EVs) are thought to increase environmental pollution by consuming fossil electricity. By combining the two technologies, the environment can be improved, and their popularity can be increased. For the first time, according to authors knowledge, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the applications of PV/T systems for EVs. The paper begins by discussing the need for sustainable and renewable energy sources for EVs, and the advantages of PV/T systems in this context. The review then covers various PV/T system designs, including air-based, water-based, nanofluid, phase change material, hybrid systems, and their integration with EVs. The paper also discusses PV/T systems efficiency and performance in different climates, and the impact of various parameters, such as operating conditions and system design, on their performance. Additionally, the review discusses the challenges and future opportunities for PV/T systems in EV applications, such as the need for cost-effective solutions and the potential for integrating PV/T systems with energy storage and smart charging technologies. The paper concludes that PV/T have significant potential to provide a sustainable and efficient energy source for EVs, and further research and development in this area can lead to innovative and practical solutions for sustainable transportation.