Tumor-Infiltration Mimicking Model of Contaminated Ovarian Tissue as an Innovative Platform for Advanced Cancer Research

The development of advanced preclinical models is crucial for the evaluation and validation of novel therapeutic strategies in oncology. Three-dimensional (3D) microtumor models, which incorporate both cancer and stromal cells within biomimetic hydrogels, have emerged as powerful tools that more accurately replicate the complex tumor microenvironment compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems. In this context, our study aims to develop 3D microtumor models by integrating cancer and stromal cells within an extracellular-matrix-mimetic hydrogel, as a physiologically accurate microtumor model that can serve as an innovative platform for advanced cancer research and drug screening. Microtumors composed of varying ratios of leukemia cells (HL-60) to healthy ovarian stromal cells (SCs) (1:1, 1:10, 1:100, or 1:1000) were encapsulated in PEGylated fibrin hydrogel and cultured for 5 days. The proliferation and dynamics of cancerous and healthy cell populations were evaluated using CD43/Ki67 immunofluorescence double staining. Our findings indicate that tumor development and malignancy progression can be influenced by adjusting cell culture ratios and incubation time. Notably, the HL-60:SCs ratio of 1:100 closely replicated leukemia cell invasion in ovarian tissue, demonstrating detectable malignancy on the third and fifth days without significant changes in total cell density dynamics. This 3D leukemia microtumor model offers superior physiological relevance compared to traditional 2D in vitro assays and shows promising potential for applications in cellular analysis and drug screening.