Rolling circle amplification cooperating crRNA switch for direct and sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) analysis

Evaluating the methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is highly important for adapting nursing strategies. Nevertheless, the identification of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) that is both sensitive and reliable continues to pose a significant obstacle. This study describes a method for detecting MRSA using a combination of fixed rolling circle amplification (RCA) and the exonuclease-iii (Exo-iii) assisted CRISPR-Cas12a system for signal amplification. When MRSA is present, the interaction between the "b" chain in the capture probe and MRSA allows the "a" chain to be exposed. This "a" chain acts as a primer to initiate the fixed RCA process. The H probe, which includes the crRNA segment, forms a bond with the RCA product and then releases the crRNA segment with the aid of Exo-iii. The Cas12a protein, when combined with the crRNA, generates an activated CRISPR-Cas12a system that cleaves the "Reporter" probe, resulting in the production of fluorescent signals. Furthermore, this fluorescent test has been utilized for the examination of clinical samples with a satisfactory rate of retrieval. Based on the elegant design, the proposed method exhibited a low detection limit of 4.6 cfu/mL, while maintaining a high specificity for MRSA even from a mixture of several interfering bacteria. Due to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and adaptability, the sensing system shows potential as a platform for detecting MRSA and evaluating postoperative nursing for stomach cancer patients.