Effect of Whole Wheat Noodles on Biochemical Indexes and Histopathology of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Objective: To investigate the effects of whole wheat noodles on biochemical indexes and histopathology of type 2 diabetic (T2DM) rats. Methods: SD rats were fed continuously for 8 weeks and then randomly divided into normal and high-fat groups. The high-fat group was injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) solution at one time to establish a type 2 diabetic rat model. Then, the diabetic rats were intervened with low, medium, and high doses of whole wheat noodles feed for 8 weeks, respectively. The body weights, dietary intake, and drinking volume of the rats were measured regularly. Fasting glucose value was measured by the tail blood sampling method, and the kit was used to measure the blood lipid biochemical indexes and serum oxidative stress levels. Rats were dissected, and liver, kidney, and pancreas tissues were removed to determine the organ indexes. Section staining was performed, followed by biomicroscopic observation of organ histopathological changes. Results: Compared with the model group, whole wheat noodles intervention significantly slowed down the symptoms of weight loss in diabetic rats (P0.05). The phenomenon of inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatocytes improved, homogeneous thickening of glomerular basement membranes and the increase in the stroma of glomerular tethered membranes were ameliorated, and the morphology of islets showed improvement with reduced autolysis phenomenon. Conclusion: Whole wheat noodle has a significant intervention effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus, manifested in slowing down weight loss, lowering blood glucose values, regulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress levels in the body, eliminating inflammatory edema in the organs, and restoring cellular damage of the organs in several ways. © The Author(s) 2025.