A Planar Circularly Polarized Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array With Aperiodic Distributed and Randomly Rotated Elements

this letter, a planar aperiodic wide-angle scanning phased array with circular polarization is designed and presented. A total of 64 elements are nonuniformly arranged and randomly rotated to reduce sidelobe level (SLL) and deterioration of axial ratio (AR) across the wide-angle scanning range. A rapid analysis for the far-field characteristics, including realized gain and AR at steering direction, is conducted correctly based on the near-field Euler rotation and the nonuniform fast Fourier transformation techniques. Such an array configuration, including element position distribution and rotation strategy, is achieved by multiobjective optimization. Finally, the designed array is fabricated and experimentally validated. The measured results indicate that the array achieves a maximum scanning angle of 60 degrees in both xoz- and yoz- planes at 5.75 GHz with its SLL and AR below - 10 and 3 dB, respectively.