A blockchain-based resilient and secure framework for events monitoring and control in distributed renewable energy systems

The rapid and green energy transition is essential to deal with the fast-growing energy needs in both public and industrial sectors. This has paved the way to integrate distributed renewable energy resources ((Formula presented.)) such as solar, hydro, wind, and geothermal into the power grid ((Formula presented.)). Wind and solar are free, zero-carbon emission, and everlasting power sources that contribute 5% and 7% of global electricity generation, respectively. Therefore, the fast, secure, and reliable integration of these green (Formula presented.) is critical to achieve the instant energy demands. Smart grid (Formula presented.) due to inherited characteristics such as intelligent sensing, computing, and communication technologies can effectively integrate the (Formula presented.). However, the existing smart grid communication architecture faces various cyberattacks, resulting in poor integration, monitoring, and control of (Formula presented.). In this respect, blockchain technology can provide fast, secure, and efficient end-to-end communication between (Formula presented.) in the smart grid. In this study, the authors propose a blockchain-based resilient and secure scheme called (Formula presented.) for wireless sensor networks (Formula presented.) -based events monitoring and control in (Formula presented.). Experimental studies and performance analyses are carried out to predict the efficiency of the proposed scheme by considering numerous standard metrics. The extensive numerical results demonstrated that the proposed scheme is significant in terms of secure, resilient, and reliable information transmission for (Formula presented.) in (Formula presented.). © 2024 The Author(s). IET Blockchain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology.