STRUCTURE AND TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF A TURBULENT FLOW.

The vortex formations evident in a developed turbulent flow, the size of which is comparable with the scale of the flow (tube radius, thickness of the boundary layer), and the nature of variation in turbulent viscosity over the cross section make it possible to propose a simple kinematic diagram of the flow, which graphically explains the characteristics of turbulent heat transfer and of friction at constant and variable properties of the heat carrier: calculations in accordance with this diagram are in good agreement with experimental data. According to the proposed model the flow is presented as a two-layer flow:- a laminar-wave sublayer and a turbulent core of a vortical structure.