Cupola. Chemical profile and improvement of the thermal balance

Having described the cold blast cupola, and given the results of the CO and CO//2 concentration measurements along the level considered above the nozzles, the author interprets the experimental values of these contents (existence of a carburization and decarburization cycle, an oxidation and reduction cycle, importance of wall influence on concentration and temperatures). These remarks allow thermal balances to be established per zone (in order to be compared with those of the conventional theory) and show the importance of temperature of the Btu's available along the unit. This analysis allows the proposal of several changes permitting cupola operation to be improved (hot blast, oxygen enrichment of the blast, two rows of nozzles, and natural gas burners above the nozzles).