Life Cycle Management and Assessment: Approaches and visions towards sustainable manufacturing

被引：0
|
作者：
Westkamper, Engelbert [1 ]
Alting, Leo [2 ]
Arndt, Gunter [3 ]
机构：
[1] Inst. of Indust. Mfg. and Mgmt. IFF, Fraunhofer Inst. Mfg. Eng. A., Stuttgart, Germany
[2] Dept. of Manufacturing Engineering, Lyngby, Denmark
[3] Manufacturing Engineering, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
来源：
CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology | 2000年 / 49卷 / 02期
关键词：
Throughout the history of LCA and up till today; industry’s principal application of LCA has been as a decision support tool in the development of new products [27; 28; 29; 30; 31]. The use of the tool in product development serves the purpose on the one side of creating an overview of the environmental impacts from the existing product or product range and identifying the environmental hotspots - those processes or activities that cause the main impacts in a life cycle perspective. On the other side LCA is used for comparing alternative solutions in the development of the new product and for making what-if simulations to help decide which product changes are preferred from an environmental point of view. As one of the largest projects of its kind; the EDlP project (Environmental Design of Industrial products) was performed at the Technical University of Denmark in collaboration with five major Danish industrial companies; the Confederation of Danish Industries and the Environmental Protection Agency from 1991-1996. The EDlP project combined the development of LCA methodology with the adaptation for use in product development within the electromechanical field [33; 34; 35]. A general conclusion based is that success in integrating environmental considerations in product development requires participation of two types of qualifications: - product development expertise managing the product development process and integrating the environmental priorities among the other priorities - life cycle assessment expertise identifying and quantifying the environmental impacts throughout the life cycle of the product and assessing the improvements obtained through different design solutions. These skills may be working interactively together or the work of the environmental specialist may be done off-line in relation to the development process depending on the scope and the ambitions of the project. The conclusion is supported by similar work at other departments [36; 37]. Another important point is that the integration of environmental considerations must find its place among the many other priorities considered in the development of a new product. Design;
D O I：
10.1016/s0007-8506(07)63453-2
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
84
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页码：501 / 526
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