Prediction of distortion and residual stresses of engineering steels due to heat treatment

The present paper gives a review of the work on numerical simulation of distortion and residual stresses of heat treated components carried out at the Swedish Institute for Metals Research. The model for numerical simulation is based on the Finite Element Method. Calculations have been performed for different engineering steels such as bearing steels, carburizing steels and hot work tool steels. Distortion and residual stresses from quenching, case hardening and induction hardening have been studied.