Native cross-platform app development using the SequalsK transpiler

Context: Developing two separate versions of an app for iOS and Android requires significant effort. Existing cross-platform development frameworks may reduce this effort, but they also come with tradeoffs such as high tool dependency. Objective: To avoid the drawbacks of current methods, we introduce a new approach to cross-platform app development, provide the necessary tools, and conduct a thorough evaluation to demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed approach. Method: The central idea of the new native cross-platform development approach is to actively develop apps in both native programming languages, Kotlin for Android and Swift for iOS, while exchanging considerable parts of the source code in a bidirectional fashion using a deterministic transpiler. As the centerpiece of our proposed development approach, we present such a bidirectional Swift-Kotlin transpiler, called SequalsK. It supports the majority of the important constructs of both languages and is able to generate syntactically and semantically correct Kotlin code out of Swift code and vice versa. Results: In our evaluation, we determined that SequalsK is the sole existing bidirectional transpiler, distinguishing it from other transpilers that support only one direction. For the Kotlin-to-Swift direction, SequalsK emerges as the premier transpiler, while for the reverse direction, it stands among the top transpilers. Through six distinct case studies, we applied our native cross-platform development approach, showcasing its ability to fulfill all goals. Across each study, we successfully generated fully-functional native Android and iOS apps, achieving significant time savings as up to 86 percent of the source code has to be programmed only once and can be transpiled to the other involved programming language automatically. Conclusion: At the moment, in particular data structures and business logic can be transpiled successfully. In the future, we expect further improvements by extending the SequalsK transpiler in order to process user-interface parts as well. © 2024 The Authors