Application of molecular organic frameworks for persistent environmental pollutants treatment

The issue of smog pollution in China is a complex challenge with wide-ranging implications for public health, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. This comprehensive review emphasizes the pressing need to address the harmful effects of smog, specifically the concerns surrounding the release of pollutants such as SO2 and NOx as well as the significant filtration of the fine matter and antibiotic resistance. In the context of sulfur dioxide capture, metal–organic frameworks are a fine solution because of the physical properties and excellent adsorption capacity. However, there are persistent concerns regarding MOF stability and irreversible degradation, which necessitate a focus on enhancing structural robustness. MOFs have proven to be an efficient approach to addressing NOx emissions despite facing challenges related to external factors such as SO2 interference. MOFs offer sustainable solutions by enabling deeper chemical interactions that combat nitrogen oxide pollutants. MOFs integration into air filters marks a significant shift toward enhancing PM2.5 removal efficiency without increasing pressure drop. These advancements promise more effective and sustainable means to combat airborne pollutants, contributing to a healthier environment. In addition, MOFs showcase promising strategies to curb antibiotic resistance by inhibiting bacterial growth through diverse structures and advanced oxidation processes. The integration of MOFs with metal oxides, particularly silver, demonstrates exceptional sterilization rates, albeit facing challenges associated with high metal ion doses. Overall, our conclusion highlights the significant roles of MOFs and their derivatives in addressing environmental challenges. In order to fully harness the potential of MOFs for expeditiously addressing smog-related issues in China and effectively mitigating the prevalent environmental pollution, it is imperative to engage in further research and foster collaborative endeavors. These endeavors are essential for paving the way toward innovative, sustainable, and holistic solutions that can significantly enhance public health and safeguard the environment. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.