Effect of preheating temperature on ECAP formability of AC4CH aluminum casting alloy

Effects of preheating treatment on the microstructural features and the ECAP formability at room temperature were investigated for an AC4CH aluminum alloy. The preheating treatment at the temperature range from 260°C to 56O°C improved the ECAP formability at room temperature, especially at around 350°C the occurrence of cracks was inhibited effectively. When the preheating treatment was carried out at 410°C or less the hardness of primary α-Al decreased with rise in preheating temperature, while the increase of the hardness was observed for the test pieces preheated at above 470°C The observation on the eutectic Si particles showed that the mean cross-sectional area and the spherical coefficient were constant at the preheating temperatures below 410°C but increased clearly at 470°C and higher. In addition to the above, when the hardness of the primary α-Al reached to a specified value due to a strain hardening by the repetitive ECAP press, the cracks occurred in the test piece and the ECAP process became impossible. These experimental results implied that the hardness of the primary α-Al gave a useful indication for the ECAP formability at room temperature. Cracks at the rear section of the test piece initiated on the inner side of ECAP channel angle and propagated preferentially along the solidification cell regions, that is, not only at the interface between aluminum matrix and eutectic Si particles but also at the transcrystalline cracking of eutectic Si particles.