Lead-free ceramics (Na, Bi)TiO3-Ba(Zr, Ti) O3 compensated with Na

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1-y)(Na0.5Bi0.5) TiO3-yBa(ZrxTi1-x)O3 were systematically investigated. Two compositions with high piezoelectric performances were obtained: one was 0.94(Na0.5Bi0.5) TiO3-0.06Ba (Zr0.055Ti0.945)O3 having a piezoelectric strain constant d33 as high as 185 pC/N; the other was the 0.94(Na0.5 Bi0.5)TiO3-0.06Ba (Zr0.055Ti0.945)O3 doped with extra 0.04% Na2CO3, having a d33 as high as 195 pC/N. It was found that the extra Na in the range up to 0.04% played the soft additive role, but in the range over 0.04%, it played the hard additive role. Why the extra Na had such characteristic was theoretically explained. In order to reduce the dielectric loss, the effect of (Ce, Mn) dopants on the properties of 0.94(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.06Ba (Zr0.055 Ti0.945)O3 doped with extra 0.04% Na2CO3 was studied.