Impacts of three virus combinations on grape composition and fruit quality of Vitis vinifera ‘Kyoho’

<正>Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most economically and culturally important perennial fruit crops in the world for fresh consumption and wine production.Virus disease is one of the most important diseases in grape.It is difficult to control and causes great harm to grapevine physiology and significant economic losses in grape production (Endeshaw et al.,2014;Montero et al.,2016b;Wang et al.,2023;Yang et al.,2024).More than 80viruses have been reported to infect grapevines worldwide,and more than 20 grapevine viruses have been reported in China(Umer et al.,2019;Fan et al.,2020).Grapevine leafroll disease(GLD) is one of the most widespread and economically damaging viral diseases in grapevine around the world,and it can cause an30%-40%yield reduction per hectare without any control measures (Atallah et al.,2012).GLD is caused by a complex of virus species named grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs),among which GLRaV-3 is the most prevalent and economically important virus (Ling et al.,2004;Naidu et al.,2014;Martelli,2017).GLRaV-3 infection can impact vine growth,yield,berry weight,and fruit quality of some grapevine cultivars (Vega et al.,2011;Endeshaw et al.,2014;Alabi et al.,2016;Montero et al.,2016a,2016b;Cabaleiro et al.,2021;Lee et al.,2023).In addition to GLRaVs,other viruses have also been found to adversely affect grape growth and fruit quality.For example,Grapevine red blotchassociated virus (GRBV) can compromise crop yield and berry chemical composition,delay ripening,and damage the flavor and aroma properties of must and wine (Blanco-Ulate et al.,2017).