Compact 2 × 1 Polarization Reconfigurable Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array Using Adaptable Feeding Network

In this paper, a compact 2 × 1 dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array with circular polarization (CP) agility array is presented. The array is formed of two novel resonating elements, and each is composed of a pentagonal slot (PS) coupling a rectangular dielectric resonator (RDR). The proposed resonating element emits two degenerate orthogonal modes TExδ11 and TEyδ21, confirming the CP radiation performance. The proposed resonator is utilized to portray a 2 × 1 sequentially rotated (SR) array with the ability to alter the CP polarization orientation. The signal at the feeding network input splits into two paths with equal magnitudes and phase progression phase by means of Wilkinson power divider (WPD). To obtain the 90 phase shifting between the WPD output signals, a single branchline coupler (BLC) is utilized. Considering the fact that the shifting orientation of the BLC output depends on which of the two BLCs is used as in input, the signal phase at the BLC can be controlled to yield a right hand circular polarization (RHCP) or left hand circular polarization (LHCP). To control the switching between the BLC output ports phase state, two PIN diodes are used at the BLC input ports. The 50 × 50 mm2 archetype achieves a bandwidth of 5.17% with a maximum realized gain of 7 dBic and a polarization purity of 4.4%. The findings of the proposed array make it a decent candidate for application using a 5.8 GHz band. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.