By means of model test, numerical simulation and analytical calculation, the load-bearing state and limit capacity of large-diameter steel pipe made of high strength structure steel Q460 were studied which applied to water conservancy and hydropower industry.By analyzing the stress, strain and displacement of the model under different water pressure levels, the change law of the test model throughout the process from initial empty state to blasting was obtained.The burst pressure in the numerical calculation is 7.9 MPa, which lies between 7.74~8.82 MPa in the analytical calculation, and is slightly higher than that of 7.5 MPa in the model test.Both the burst pressures obtained in numerical calculation and model test reach more than 3.3 times the design internal pressure of 2.275 MPa.It can be seen that Q460 steel can not only meet the strength design requirements, but also simplify the welding process and improve the construction speed because of room temperature welding. © 2023 Huazhong University of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.