Review on bridge fire science and safety guarantee technology

The current research status of bridge fire safety theory and guarantee technology -was summarized, and the frequency and probability of bridge fire accidents at home and abroad -were introduced. Then, the safety operation situation of transportation vehicles such as hazardous chemical vehicles and the risk of bridge fires caused by hazardous chemical vehicles (oil tankers) were presented, and the development direction of new safety control technologies for bridge fires was pointed out. Analysis results indicate that bridge fires have the characteristics of multiple occurrences and diversity. Much attention from scholars and departments was paid to the safety control of bridge fires, and fire tests and fire protection work have been carried out on some bridge structures, but the fire resistance design specifications for bridges are still a research gap. The concrete spalling behavior has complete randomness, and the high-temperature concrete spalling is difficult in the fire resistance analysis of concrete structure bridges. The research on the shear behavior of prestressed concrete bridges in fire exposure conditions is difficult, and currently relevant studies focus on bending. There is relatively little research on the heat transfer and structure thermal response of steel girders with complex cross-sectional forms, which falls far short as per the requirements for the intelligent construction and long-term safe operation and maintenance in steel structure bridges. Relevant design details, intelligent protective measures, and systems should be urgently developed. Due to the complex structure form of cable-supported system bridges, the thermal expansion of components in fire exposure conditions is influenced by each component. Therefore, the overall behavior of the structure exhibits significant local enhancement effects, making it difficult to predict using the refined numerical models. However, current research only concentrates on the temperature field between components and connectors or the structure, and there is a lack of research on the overall response of the structure. The fire resistance performance and failure criteria of cable-supported system bridges in fire exposure conditions are research hotspots and difficult points. The bridge structure is in an open space, and the fire monitoring and early warning in the bridge structure have many interference factors and are relatively difficult. However, it is necessary to continuously study the major fire safety monitoring and early intelligent warning, intelligent protection, and performance enhancement of bridges. The intelligent protection methods for bridge structures under complex and extreme environmental fire exposure, and intelligent monitoring, early warning, and protection technologies for bridge structures under complex and sudden fire situations should urgently be systematically studied. The toughness of bridge fire resistance is a difficult point in the research on bridge fire science and safety guarantee. It involves the fire resistance during disasters and the post-disaster rehabilitation and requires in-depth research to provide a theoretical basis for the full-life construction and safe operation and maintenance of bridges. 1 tab, 12 figs, 108 refs. © 2023 Chang'an University. All rights reserved.