Water security pattern in Northeast China based on ecosystem service flow

A water security framework was constructed based on the research idea of “supply-flow-demand冶 of water supply service. The surplus and deficit states of water ecosystem services were measured with the supply-demand ratio of water ecosystem services, and water ecological “source冶 and “sink冶 areas were extracted. The minimum cumulative resistance model was used to identify “source-sink冶 corridors and vulnerable nodes, and the water security pattern of Northeast China was analyzed. The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020, the water yield and water demand in Northeast China showed increasing trends. Spatially, the water yield was generally more abundant in the east and less in the west, while the spatial distribution of water demand was highly correlated with population density and the level of social and economic development. On the whole, the main performance of water ecosystem supply and demand services was characterized by a surplus state in the research period, and the area of surplus gradually increased. Water ecological “source冶 areas were mainly distributed in cultivated land and forest land in the eastern and central regions, and water ecological “sink冶 areas were mainly concentrated in cultivated land, forest land, and unused land in the western region. The water ecological “source-sink冶 corridors in Northeast China were mainly in the Songhua River, Suifen River, Liao River, Tumen River, Daling River, and Taizi River, along with their tributaries. Multiple water supply nodes in central Liaoning, Changchun, and Harbin were relatively fragile, and water supply nodes in central Heilongjiang need to be highly protected. © 2024 Editorial Board of Water Resources Protection. All rights reserved.