A review of charge excitation triboelectric nanogenerator performance enhancement and related applications

The development of advanced technologies that can efficiently gather energy from the environment has a significant impact on the progress of the internet of things field. Based on the characteristics of simple structure, high economy, and low frequency efficiency, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is recognized a novel technology that can effectively capturing various forms of Sustainable energy from the environment. Charge excitation technology, as a multiplier to improve the output performance of TENG, plays a crucial role in promoting the large-scale application of TENG. This article systematically and comprehensively reviews the latest research progress on TENG charge excitation technology in recent years. Firstly, a detailed overview of TENG's charge excitation technologies with the self-excitation and external excitation was provided based on relevant working principles and the most representative related research works were introduced in detail. Besides, relied on structural composition and application requirements, the latest research progress of TENG charge excitation technology is classified and summarized in a more detailed manner from six directions: triboelectric materials, circuits, structures, blue energy, human motion-driven and other forms of surrounding energy, self-driving sensing. Finally, an overview was given of the different problems and challenges currently faced by TENG charge excitation technology, and corresponding prospects were made for future technical research and development directions in this research field.