PBO fiber has become the ultimate choice in many fields because of its high specific strength, high specific modulus, good heat resistance, good flame retardant and excellent dielectric properties, and has been widely used in aerospace, national defense weapons, safety protection, construction and automobile fields. Because the surface of PBO fiber is smooth and chemically inert, the interface between PBO fiber and matrix resin is poor, which further affects the overall performance of the composite material, and greatly limits the play of the excellent comprehensive performance of PBO fiber, so it is particularly important to modify the surface of PBO fiber. In this paper, the research progress of different surface modification methods of PBO fibers and the improvement of composite properties in recent years were reviewed. Surface modification was mainly made to change the chemical composition and structure of the surface, improve the number of polar groups and reactive groups; change the surface morphology, improve the roughness and specific surface area; increase the surface free energy and improve the surface wettability. All the above modification effects must minimize the negative effects on the bulk properties of fibers. Finally, it was pointed out that the current surface treatment methods of PBO fibers were still insufficient, and it was necessary and urgent to find a green and efficient modification method. In recent years, with the development of fiber surface modification technology, PBO fiber modification methods have been fully developed, and the corresponding application fields have been expanded. In this paper, the different surface modification methods of PBO fiber and the improvement of the properties of composite materials were introduced. Starting from the classification of PBO fiber modification methods, the basic principles of each method were expounded, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the scope of application were clarified. Based on six modification methods, the surface modification methods of PBO fiber at home and abroad were investigated. By comparing these treatment methods, the research progress of PBO fiber surface modification at home and abroad was confirmed, the gap between domestic and foreign PBO fiber surface modification treatment was clear, and the future development direction was pointed out. PBO fiber surface modification methods include chemical etching, plasma treatment, surface coating, chemical grafting, ultraviolet etching, and sizing agent treatment. Each modification technology has its own advantages and disadvantages. When selecting a modification method, it is required to consider the fast and effective process, economic and environmental protection and non-destructive fiber properties. The surface treatment method of sizing agent can meet the above requirements. In recent years, the introduction of active nanoparticles such as graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes and silica into sizing agents to improve interface adhesion has become a research focus. The prepared nanocomposites not only have stronger interface, but also show many attractive functions, such as photothermal conversion, interface self-healing, etc. In addition, as a non-damaging method, surface sizing is an ideal method to achieve uniform UV shielding or light absorption ability on the surface of PBO fiber, which can effectively reduce UV intensity and block UV irradiation. In the future, in surface modification treatment of PBO fiber, the direction of environmental protection sizing agent treatment will be gradually developed. © 2024 Chongqing Wujiu Periodicals Press. All rights reserved.
