Investigation of link due to atmospheric turbulence in free space optical communication for optical wireless terrestrial networks

In recent years, wireless communication systems have exploded in popularity. Optical wireless technology is an excellent alternative to RF wireless, but it has high capacity, data speed, frequency, and license-free spectrum, and it is simple to implement. Optical wireless communication sends data through air using optical beams. Atmospheric turbulence degrades the functioning of free-breathing space photosensitive interaction methods by causing interruptions due to weather conditions like fog, smoke, and different pollutants. In this paper, free-space optical communications using snow and fog attenuations and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) method is used to determine the turbulence due to the atmosphere. This method improves the data transmission during unfavorable weather conditions by changing the various parameters like receiver aperture size, the wavelength of the transmitter, etc. Furthermore it shows that decrease in air quality and instability are the double significant causes, that can degrade general usage routine, especially when it's foggy or raining heavily. The result shows that the aperture size and wavelength should be changed as per the weather condition. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston 2022.