Analysis on N application rates considering yield and N2O emission in potato production

被引：0

作者：

Zhou L. ^{[1
]}

Long G. ^{[1
]}

Tang L. ^{[1
]}

Zheng Y. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan Agriculture University, Kunming

来源：

Tang, Li (ltang@ynau.edu.cn) | 1600年 / Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering卷 / 33期

关键词：

Emission control; Fertilizers; N[!sub]2[!/sub]O emission; Potato; Yield;

D O I：

10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.02.021

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Agriculture soil is the important source of N2O emission. Fertilization can increase crop yield, but also can enhance emissions of greenhouse gas N2O. There is an important guiding significance to analyze the relationship between yield, soil N2O emissions under varied nitrogen levels for ensuring crop yield and reducing environment impacts. The potato is the fourth largest planting crops in the world, and China is the biggest producer. Effect of N application rates on soil N2O emission and crop yield have been intensively studied in the temperate zone with continental climate, and these studies simply focused on either yield or N2O emission, while it has never been reported in the north subtropical monsoon climate. In this study, field experiment was conducted in the Daheqiao experiment base (23°32'N, 103°13'E) of Yunnan agricultural university, in Xundian County, Yunnan province of China, from April to November in 2015. And four N application levels (unfertilized-N0, 0; low nitrogen application rate -N1, 67.5 kg/hm2; conventional nitrogen application rate-N2, 125 kg/hm2; high nitrogen application rate -N3, 187.5 kg/hm2) with three replications were compared based on potato cultivation of Huize 2. Aiming to study the effect of N application rates on potato yield and soil N2O emission at growing period, soil N2O emission was collected in situ by static chamber and analyzed using gas chronographs technique. Simultaneously, optimizing N application rates to increase yield and minimize N2O emission was analyzed. The results showed that fertilization increased the potato yield and cumulative N2O emission significantly. The soil was a source of atmospheric N2O emissions in whole potato growing season, and an obvious seasonal difference was monitored. Compared with N0, N1, N2, and N3 treatments increased by78.5%, 93.1% and 95.6% in yield. The cumulative N2O emission of N1, N2, and N3 treatments were 2.3, 4.4, and 6.7 times that of N0 treatment, respectively. The potato yield was largest when N application rates 125 kg/hm2, and no longer increased with the increasing N application rate. The first and secondary peaks of N2O emission were observed at the flourishing stage (23 May) and harvest stage (11 August), respectively. Meanwhile, N2O emission factor and yield-scaled N2O intensity significantly improved with the increase of N fertilizer. The proportion of the loss of nitrogen in the form of N2O significantly increased with the increasing N fertilizer. Nitrate intensity could effectively reflect the intensity of soil N2O emission. N2O emission flux was significantly correlated with soil temperature and humidity only at low N levels (N0, N1).Soil NO3--N content was the key factor for N2O emission at high N levels. Comprehensive considering the average N2O emission coefficient (1%) reported by IPCC as the fertilization standard of nitrogen and potato yield in farmland ecosystem,therefore, the reasonable N application rates were about 62.5 kg/hm2 in potato production. © 2017, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.

引用

页码：155 / 161

页数：6

共 40 条

[1] Zhu Z.L., Chen D.L., Nitrogen fertilizer use in China-Contributions to food production, impacts on the environment and best management strategies, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 63, 2, pp. 117-127, (2002)
[2] Galloway J.N., Townsend A.R., Erisman J.W., Et al., Transformation of the nitrogen Cycle: Recent Trends Questions and potential solutions, Science, 5878, 320, pp. 889-892, (2007)
[3] Choi W.J., Han G.H., Lee S.M., Et al., Impact of land-use types on nitrate contents ration and 15N in unconfined groundwater in rural areas of Korea, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 120, 2-4, pp. 259-268, (2007)
[4] Kurt M., Walter S., Gunter L., Growth, composition, biological N2 fixation and nutrient uptake of a leguminous cover crop mixture and the effect of their removal on field nitrogen balances and nitrate leaching risk, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 82, 3, pp. 233-249, (2008)
[5] Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, (2001)
[6] Ravishankara A.R., Daniel J.S., Portmann R.W., Nitrous oxide (N2O): The dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st century, Science, 326, 5949, pp. 123-125, (2009)
[7] Liu X., Chen C.R., Wang W.J., Et al., Soil environmental factors rather than denitrification gene abundance control N2O fluxes in a wet sclerophyll forest with different burning frequency, Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 57, 10, pp. 292-300, (2013)
[8] Kanter D., Davidson E., Alcamo J., Et al., O to Protect Climate and the Ozone Layer: A UNEP Synthesis Report, (2013)
[9] Wang G., Quantitative Analysis of Reactive Nitrogen Losses and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Three Major Grain Crops in China, (2014)
[10] Olander L., Wollenberg E., Tubiello F., Et al., Advancing agricultural greenhouse gas quantification, Environmental Research Letters, 8, 1, (2013)

← 1 2 3 4 →