Distribution three-phase power flow models based on interval algorithm

Loads, shunt capacitors, and cogenerators are modeled as three-phase interval numbers considering three-phase unbalanced conditions and uncertainties in distribution system operation. Distribution lines and transformers are modeled as three-phase values too, and most of the transformer connection types can be dealt with. With comparison to the most popularly used single-phase presentations and point models, the built three-phase interval or merely three-phase models have the merits of detailed description, proper complexity, and fit of reality. Interval models are much more detailed than point ones with a slight increase of complexity, and three-phase representations are much more fit of reality than single-phase ones. The built models establish a firm foundation for three-phase interval analyzing method to be realized in distribution systems.