An improved multicast routing algorithm based on ADHOC network

After studying the topological structure of neighboring nodes in the WSN, this paper presents a local Combination Location (LCL) algorithm by combining principal manifold learning and the nonlinear dimension algorithm. This algorithm is particularly suitable for determining the relative locations of sensor nodes in large-scale, low-density WSNs, where the low connectivity between nodes and the large ranging error between long-distance nodes usually make accurate localization quite difficult. In this algorithm, based on the pair-wise distance between each node and its neighbour nodes within a certain communication range, the local geometry of the global structure is firstly obtained by constructing a local subspace for each node, and those subspaces are then aligned to give the internal global coordinates of all nodes. Combined with the global structure and the anchor node information, we can finally calculate the absolute coordinates of all unknown nodes by the least squares algorithm. © 2018 Totem Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved.