Metal-metal interpenetrating phase composites: A review

Metal-metal interpenetrating phase composites (MMIPCs) refer to a new type of composite in which at least one phase is topologically continuous, and the other has the regular characteristics of a topologically optimized lattice structure. The lattice structures maintain their structural integrity and load-carrying capacity. Unlike traditional particle enhancement or laminated composite materials, MMIPCs are entangled, penetrate on both macro- and microscopic scales and have some degree of order. Hence, each phase in the MMIPCs retains its characteristics and offers improved properties due to interpenetration. This review focuses on the research background, fabrication steps, structure regulation, and mechanical properties of MMIPCs. Different aspects of MMIPCs, including structure modification, mechanical property regulation, and the development prospects of MMIPCs are discussed.