Two-stage Day-ahead and Intra-day Robust Reserve Optimization Considering Demand Response

To enhance the ability of power system to cope with uncertainties and improve operation efficiency of power grid, a two-stage day-ahead and intra-day robust reserve optimization model considering demand response (DR) is proposed. On one hand, synergistic optimization of price-based DR and incentive-based DR is conducted in this model to improve the operation flexibility of power. On the other hand, comprehensively considering the wind power output uncertainty and transmission line N-k forced outage of electric equipment, the resilience of power system is also enhanced. This problem is modeled based on the robust optimization model, which minimizes the adjustment cost of power systems in the worst operation scenarios while ensuring reliability. The two-stage three-layer optimization problem is solved by the column and constraint generation algorithm. Case studies on the modified 6-bus system and IEEE RTS-79 test system verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. Results show that comprehensive consideration of multiple uncertain factors could improve the ability of power system coping in extreme operation scenarios. At the same time, the implementation of two kinds of DR could greatly improve the operation flexibility of power grid. The incentive-based DR plays a more significant role in enhancing the operation robustness of power grid by directly controlling the load, while the price-based DR is more applicable in the scenario where the load supply is required to be guaranteed. © 2019 Automation of Electric Power Systems Press.