Economic Operation of Energy Storage Power Stations and Integrated Energy Systems Based on Bidirectional Master-Slave Game

When connected to energy supply entities such as active distribution networks (ADNs), energy storage stations (ESPSs) and natural gas networks, the energy supply reliability of the integrated energy system (IES) can be effectively improved. However, with the participation of ESPSs in market transactions, how to improve the initiative of ESPSs to realize the economic operation between the IES and the ESPS is an urgent problem to be addressed. Making full use of the interest relationship between various entities to game is an important way to achieve the economic operation of the IES and the ESPS. However, the game model adopted by the traditional economic operation method did not consider the duality of the participating subjects as both leaders and followers. This kind of game model cannot fully mobilize the initiative of the participating subjects. To this end, a bidirectional master-slave game-based economic operation strategy is proposed for ESPS and IES in this paper. First, aiming at the economic benefits of the IES, ADN and ESPS, the corresponding economic operation models are established respectively. The models consider the constraints of each subject and the loss in energy transmission. Then, based on the duality of the ESPS as the energy supplier and the energy user, an energy interaction mechanism for the ADN, ESPS, and IES is constructed. The energy interaction mechanism considers the master-slave and competition relationship between the ADN and ESPS. Third, a bidirectional master-slave game model with the ADN as the leader, the ESPS as the secondary leader and the IES as the follower is proposed. The existence of the unique equilibrium solution of the proposed game strategy is proved theoretically in this paper. Finally, a simulation model is built based on the IEEE 33 node distribution network and Belgium’s 20 node natural gas network. The bi-level particle swarm optimization algorithm and CPLEX solver are used to perform the numerical simulation. Three kinds of economic operation schemes are set up for comparative analysis. Scheme 1 is the economic operation strategy proposed in this paper. In scheme 2, the dynamic electricity price of ADN is considered, and no ESPS participates in the economic operation. In scheme 3, both ADN and ESPS adopt fixed electricity prices, and there is no game relationship between each subject. Simulation results show that, compared with scheme 2 and scheme 3, the overall system benefit of scheme 1 is increased by 8.1% and 28.6%, respectively. This comparison results verify the superiority of the proposed strategy in improving economic benefits. The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) The proposed strategy gives full play to the initiative of the ESPS participating in the economic operation. (2) The proposed strategy comprehensively considers the master-slave and competitive relationship between the ADN and ESPS, which is suitable for the actual scenario of the IES economic operation. (3) The proposed strategy can make full use of the game relationship between all subjects, improve the overall economic benefits of the system, and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results for all subjects. © 2023 Chinese Machine Press. All rights reserved.