Spatial-temporal Behavior Pattern of Red Tourists in Zunyi City Based on Trajectory Data

Revealing the spatial-temporal behavior patterns of tourists is an important research focus in tourism geography. Trajectory big data mining provides a new way for better understanding tourists' spatial-temporal behavior. However, current research on the spatial-temporal behavior patterns of tourists is mainly based on the analytical framework of individual behavior in time geography, which makes it difficult to extract behavior patterns when dealing with large samples of trajectory data at larger scales. GPS records the user's location information periodically, capturing attributes such as time, space, speed, and direction, with a strong continuity, and travelers can record their own itinerary at any time with their cell phones and upload it to outdoor tourism websites. These processes not only effectively enhances the accuracy of the data but also offers unique advantages in researching travelers' behavior patterns. In this paper, the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is improved by incorporating temporal, spatial, and directional similarity information, and a typical red tourist destination is selected as the study case using GPS trajectories from 2010 to 2019. The results show that: (1) The research framework and methods constructed in this study are novel, and they effectively extract and reveal the spatial-temporal behavior pattern of tourists in Zunyi City; (2) Red tourism in Zunyi City mainly consists of half-day tours, and summer is the peak season for red tourism; (3) There are six types of red tourism behavior, namely "red + shopping and entertainment", "red + historical culture", "red + mountaineering tourism", "red + ecological leisure", "red + ancient town tourism", and "red + rural tourism", mainly distributed in the northwest, southeast, and southwest of Zunyi City, with a travel length ranging from 12.03~18.42 km and a travel duration ranging from 0.65~13.60 h; (4) A total of 24 tourist routes are extracted from all patterns, including all-red tourist routes (58.33%) and mixed routes (41.67%), with an average length of 17.69 km and an average duration of 2.36 h. Especially, the former Zunyi Conference site is the most popular tourist destination, accounting for 38.46%; (5) The red tourist routes in Zunyi City primarily rely on the Rongzun Expressway, Lanhai Expressway, Hangrui Expressway, and Zunyi Ring Expressway. The method proposed in this paper can be used in the study of tourism behavior patterns and route mining in other regions, and the results of this paper can provide a basis for the optimization of the spatial pattern and route planning of red tourism in Zunyi City. © 2024 Science Press. All rights reserved.