Carbon footprint assessment in manufacturing Industry 4.0 using machine learning with intelligent Internet of things

One important application area for sensor data analytics is Industry 4.0. Industrial furnaces (IFs) are sophisticated devices utilised in industrial production applications that need for unique heat treatment cycles. They are built with specialised thermodynamic materials and methods. emission of black carbon (EoBC) during IF operation as a result of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels is one of the most important problems. This research proposes novel technique in carbon footprint analysis in environmental data from green manufacturing Industry 4.0 using machine learning with intelligent Internet of things (IIoT). Here, the environmental data from green manufacturing industry is collected and processed for analysing the presence of carbon by air monitoring by hidden fuzzy Gaussian kernel–based principle analysis. The experimental analysis is carried out for various air-monitored data in terms of training accuracy, positive predictive value, precision, robustness, energy consumption. Finally, we suggest ways for reducing carbon emissions and energy usage based on case studies that make use of our methodology. By making accounting simpler, we intend to encourage further investigation into energy-efficient algorithms and advance the long-term development of machine learning studies. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.