Optimization of bus stop system considering capacity and queuing delays

In order to improve the transit efficiency of conventional buses entering and leaving stops，reduce the queue delays and traffic impact，two optimization methods for increasing berths of bus stops and controlling arrival rates of buses were proposed in this study. Firstly，the basic process of buses entering and exiting bus stops was constructed，the capacity calculation models for single-berth and multi-berth bus stops were established，and the queuing characteristics of bus entry were systematically analyzed using queuing theory. Next，the data on buses entering and exiting stops was investigated to obtain basic data including bus number，time for passengers to get on and off the bus，bus stopping time，etc. The model was numerically simulated by Matlab to obtain the effect of average arrival rate of buses，number of bus berths and bus stopping time on queuing delays in the steady state of the queuing system. Finally，the optimal number of berths and arrival rates at bus stops were proposed considering capacity and queuing delays，and the feasibility of the optimization results was verified with examples. The results show that the optimization of the number of bus berths and arrival rates of buses has increased the capacity of the stops studied by over 10% and reduced queuing delays by over 70%. © 2024 Editorial Board of Jilin University. All rights reserved.