Physio-Chemical Properties and Anti-Microbial Activities of Date Seed Oil's in Saudi Arabia

The preparation of soap from extracted date seed oil along with anti-microbial activities, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and physio-chemical properties comprise the areas examined by the methodology implemented in this research. Ascertaining the fatty acid content in such date seed oil embodies the research objective of this investigation. Color Criteria should be within the range of 2.8 to 13.5 (red-yellow),acid value 1.42 Mg KOH/g oil, flash point 245C & ring;, a refractive index of 1.468, a Kinetic viscosity of 20cp, and a density of 0.9188g cm-3 3 comprised the physical assessment of the date oil. On the other hand, a peroxide value of 7.4 mg of peroxide/kg oil, a saponification value of 0.279 mg g-1, an acid value of 2.67, and an iodine value of 74.31 gm I2/100 gm fat comprised the chemical assessment. GC-MS was utilized to ascertain the quantity of fatty acid content in the date seed oil. Oleic acid (Omega-9) and Linoleic acid (Omega-6) comprised the unsaturated fatty acid content in such oils producing values of 38.25% and 2.33% respectively, where the percentage represents the total fatty acid components. Palmitic acid and lauric acid encapsulated the saturated fatty acid content producing values of 0.42% and 35.76%, respectively. The elemental constituents found in the date oil include calcium (29 ppm), magnesium (0.359 ppm), iron (1.27 ppm), and sodium (70 ppm). The date seed oil shown demonstrated anti-bacterial activity high effect 30mm against Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and moderated effect 20mm against Staphylococcus aureus, , (Gram positive) respectively compared to standard drug, Cephradine. Which may be due to bioactive compounds including plant-derived phenolic molecules (589mg/100g). In this way, the date seed oil had moderate inhibitory effect 40mm against Candida albicansa and low inhibitory effect 20mm against Aspergillus flavus. . which may be increases with the increase of the compound concentration compared with standard antifungal agent Nizoarm. While the date oil extract showed good properties in soap in terms of viscosity, Hardness, color and moderate solubility.