Improving islanded distribution system stability with adaptive decision-making framework

In an integrated distribution system incorporating distributed generation (DG), various technical challenges must be addressed when the grid becomes disconnected and transforms into an islanded system. The main focus in such circumstances revolves around ensuring the stability of the islanded network. This study presents an advanced decision-making framework for supporting islanded networks by integrating metaheuristic Black Widow Optimization (BWO) and the rate of change of the voltage stability index (RoCVSI). The Rate of Change of the Voltage Stability Index (RoCVSI) detects instability in islanded networks by continuously monitoring rapid changes in the voltage stability margin. Upon identifying potential instability, an advanced decision-making strategy utilizing the Black Widow Optimization (BWO) algorithm is deployed. BWO generates multiple load-shedding scenarios and evaluates their impact on system stability, iteratively refining the solutions through processes similar to selection and cannibalism in black widow spiders. The optimal load-shedding strategy is then implemented to selectively shed specific loads, thereby reducing demand and enhancing island stability. The proposed scheme's effectiveness for islanded network stability is assessed by extensively analyzing the IEEE 33-bus system. The efficiency of the proposed approach is confirmed through a comparative analysis, with results indicating the better efficiency of the proposed method in the islanded network.