Enhanced heat and mass transfer in porous media with Oldroyd-B complex nano-fluid flow and heat source

With their extraordinary ability to conduct heat and their promise to increase heat transfer efficiency, nanofluids have emerged as a major player in the field of fluid technology today. This manuscript delves into the dynamic behavior of time-dependent complex Oldroyd-B nanofluids as they traverse between parallel plates within a porous media. Intriguingly, the study introduces captivating elements, including magnetic fields, convection, diffusion, heat source effects, and chemical reactions, which augment the uniqueness of the research. The designed model exhibits the potential to uncover the inherent characteristics and memory effects of viscoelastic nanofluids, pioneering the utilization of non-integer Caputo fractional derivatives to address this challenge. To tackle the complexities of this problem, we employ a combination of finite difference and finite element methods for the discretization of the governing flow equations. This enables us to flawlessly compute key parameters such as the Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and Skin friction coefficient for the complex fractional viscoelastic model. Our rigorous approach also involves the validation of the numerical scheme for convergence and the provision of error estimates. Our research delves into the realm of heat and mass transfer phenomena in porous media, specifically focusing on the intricate interplay between complex fluid dynamics and nanoparticle suspension. The results are given graphically, providing a picture of the importance of certain fractional and dimensionless physical characteristics. Notably, the flow simulations' application and importance are deepened by the inclusion of chemical processes, especially when considering the chemical sector.