Ion temperature gradient modes modulational stability with kappa-distribution

We investigated the modulational stability and instability of the ion temperature gradient (ITG) mode in electron-ion plasma. Ions are dynamic species, whereas electrons follow a Kappa distribution. We used the reduction perturbation approach to determine the linear dispersion relation for the fluid under consideration. The nonlinear Schrodinger equation describes nonlinear features such as nonlinear modulational stability or instability in the ITG mode. The product of dissipation and nonlinear coefficients, known as LM, contains both modulational stability and instability in the ion temperature gradient mode. Theoretical results are expanded numerically, showing the influence of various plasma parameters on modulational stability and instability, particularly the superthermality coefficient kappa (e ). The current observations may be extended to space and laboratory plasma for modification.