An integrated approach for optimal location selection of recycling plant to handle the growing photovoltaic waste

Efficient management of photovoltaic (PV) waste is crucial as the global shift toward renewable energy accelerates, with solar PV panels playing a significant role. India's rapid adoption of solar energy places it among the top countries in solar-based energy generation, with Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh accounting for 51.74% of total installed capacity and 64% of approved solar parks. This study focuses on optimal site selection for a PV recycling plant in India, considering the anticipated increase in PV waste. The research highlights the need for robust regulations and frameworks for PV waste management. Using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) model integrated with fuzzy logic-based Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFN), the analysis reveals that minimizing operating expenses & Ecaron;& ccirc;2 (weight = 0.1636) is the most critical factor, followed by company expansion plans Tcaron;2 (weight = 0.1600) and job creation & Scirc;2 (weight = 0.1227). The optimal site, determined through the fuzzy COPRAS method, ranks as Alternative 2 (Eco Expansion Site - S2) with a normalized fitness degree of 0.3899. Sensitivity analysis shows S1 becomes more favorable as cost importance increases. These insights are vital for decision-makers in prioritizing cost-effectiveness and sustainability in PV waste management, offering hope for India's transition to clean energy.