Advancements in metal-organic framework based nanocomposite supercapacitor electrode materials: A comprehensive overview of recent progress

The global energy demand has surged, driving a shift towards sustainable practices. Researchers focus on highperformance energy storage solutions that meet various criteria, such as power density, cycle life, and environmental sustainability. Supercapacitors have gained attention for their promising attributes. Due to their unique structural advantages, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as critical components in supercapacitors. In this review, we summarize the recent synthesis processes. Diverse methods have produced MOFs with varying dimensions (0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D). The energy storage performance and structural design properties of pristine and polymetallic MOFs are summarized based on the studies conducted. Recent research focuses on dimensional MOF composites that enhance electrochemical performance. Researchers are developing MOF materials for improved capacitive performance, including MOF hybrids with graphene and carbon nanotubes. Integrating MOFs with MXene and conducting polymers shows promise for enhancing supercapacitor performance. Integrating MOFs with various materials presents significant potential for advancing energy storage technologies across diverse sectors. The future potential of MOFs and the challenges encountered are thoroughly explored in this discussion.