Salutogenic mechanisms in nature-based work: fostering sense of coherence for employees with limited capability for work

Having a job is important for the well-being and inclusion of people with limited capability for work (LCW) due to physical and/or mental disability. This study explores salutogenic mechanisms that contribute to work-related sense of coherence (Work-SoC) of employees with LCW, i.e. perceiving their work in nature as manageable, comprehensible and meaningful. Semi-structured interviews (26 in total) were conducted with employees with LCW, employee supervisors, job coaches and foresters, all working in nature management. Interviews were held at four worksites of a governmental organisation in the Netherlands that provides permanent jobs for people with LCW. Employees with LCW contributed to the design and analysis of the study as co-researchers. Thematic analysis was used and member checks were carried out on preliminary findings. We identified six salutogenic mechanisms that contribute to nature-based Work-SoC of employees with LCW: (i) having constructive working relationships, (ii) experiencing structure and clarity, (iii) receiving practical and emotional support, (iv) support in the creation of meaning, (v) experiencing and learning in practice and (vi) physical activity and (absence of) stimuli. Identified mechanisms can create a positive effect when leveraged, thereby boosting (new) salutogenic mechanisms. Our findings illustrate that nature-based work can provide resources that promote Work-SoC of employees with LCW through the identified mechanisms. However, employees with LCW, colleagues, supervisors and stakeholders must recognize, mobilize and use these resources to leverage identified mechanisms in order to facilitate health-promoting workplaces for people with LCW. This, in turn, can contribute to sustainable inclusion through enablement.