Improving the Sustainability of Enzymatic Synthesis of Poly(butylene adipate)-Based Copolyesters: Polycondensation Reaction in Bulk vs Diphenyl Ether

In response to mounting global concerns such as CO2 emissions, environmental pollution, and the depletion of fossil resources, the field of polymer science is shifting its focus toward sustainability. This research investigates the synthesis of poly(butylene adipate)-co-(dilinoleic adipate) (PBA-DLA) copolymers using two distinct methods: bulk polycondensation and polycondensation in diphenyl ether. The objective is to assess the environmental impact, chemical structure, composition, and key properties of the resulting copolymers, with a particular emphasis on determining the viability of bulk synthesis as a more sustainable approach. Various analytical methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography, were employed to confirm successful copolymerization and highlight differences in molecular weight and microstructure. Additionally, thermal and dynamic mechanical analyses were conducted to thoroughly characterize the copolymers' properties. This research provides significant findings into the sustainable production of PBA-DLA copolymers, offering a more environmentally friendly approach without compromising product quality or performance.