Association between house dust endotoxin and kidney injury: findings from the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2005-2006

Background House dust endotoxin is thought to be associated with systemic inflammatory responses and respiratory diseases. Previous studies have indicated that lung injury and systemic inflammation could lead to kidney damage. However, the potential link between house dust endotoxin and the increased risk of kidney injury remains unexplored. Objectives This cross-sectional study and retrospective study aim to investigate the relationship between house dust endotoxin levels and renal markers, specifically the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), utilizing data from the NHANES 2005-2006 survey cycle. Results Proteinuria was assessed using the UACR, with values categorized into negative (UACR <= 30 mg/g) and positive (UACR > 30 mg/g) groups. Significant differences in house dust endotoxin levels were observed between these groups (p value = 0.003). Weighted logistic regression analysis indicated that higher levels of house dust endotoxin were associated with an increased rate of positive UACR (OR [95% CI]: 1.57 [1.20, 2.05]; p value = 0.003). This association remained significant after adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, race, poverty income ratio (PIR), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and hypertension (OR [95% CI]: 1.46 [1.08, 1.97]; p-Value = 0.021). However, no significant correlation was found between house dust endotoxin levels and eGFR (Estimate [95% CI]: 1.19 [-1.28, 3.66]; p value = 0.32). Conclusions Our findings suggest a significant association between house dust endotoxin levels and proteinuria, based on data from the NHANES 2005-2006 survey cycle. This association indicates that elevated levels of house dust endotoxin may be linked to kidney damage. Further research is necessary to elucidate the specific relationship between exposure to house dust endotoxin and the risk of developing kidney disease.