Research progress of co-intercalation mechanism electrolytes in sodium-ion batteries

This paper systematically explores the key issue in the field of sodium-ion battery research - the co-intercalation mechanism, which primarily involves the intricate interactions among solvent molecules, sodium ions, and electrode materials, profoundly impacting battery performance and efficiency. While there is an initial understanding of the co-intercalation mechanism, its underlying intricacies require further elucidation. Specifically, the roles of solvent molecules in ion transport and electrode material structure, as well as the interactions between sodium ions and electrode materials, are focal points of research. Additionally, ether-based electrolytes face several challenges in sodium-ion battery applications, such as inadequate oxidative stability, poor compatibility with high-voltage cathode materials, and interface stability issues, all of which urgently need addressing. To tackle these challenges, strategies including optimizing electrolyte formulations, surface modification of high-voltage cathode materials, and interface engineering are proposed. Furthermore, concerning issues like capacity enhancement of carbon-based anodes in ether-based electrolytes, strategies such as optimizing electrolyte formulations, selecting appropriate additives, and conducting in-depth studies on interface reaction mechanisms are also suggested. With the deepening of co-intercalation mechanism research and technological innovations, significant improvements in sodium-ion battery performance are anticipated, thereby driving the rapid advancement of subsequent developments in the field of new energy.